Flex Capsules – Product Details

Flex Capsules may work by lowering inflammation or shielding joint cartilage. Glucosamine sulfate, Boswellia extract, chondroitin sulfate, turmeric, quercetin, methionine, methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), and bromelain are among the constituents in the capsule. Other ingredients are cellulose (vegetable capsule) and rice flour. 

The product may contain a possible allergen – shellfish.

Ingredients:
Glucosamine Sulfate	1500mg
Boswellia Extract	200mg
Chondroitin Sulfate	150mg
Turmeric	150mg
Quercetin	25mg
Methionine	25mg
MSM (Methylsulfonylmethane)	25mg
Bromelain	25mg
Inactive Ingredients: Cellulose (Vegetable Capsule) Rice Flour Contains: Shellfish

Please note that the packaging of the product you receive may differ from the product image on our website. We sometimes change labeling as we consistently improve and occasionally ship directly from our supplier to fulfill your order faster. Rest assured that the product is the same and of the same quality as advertised.

Understanding Cartilage

What is Cartilage

Cartilage is a type of connective tissue that is found in various parts of the body, including the joints, nose, ears, and ribs. It is a tough, flexible, and elastic tissue that provides structural support and helps to cushion and protect the bones from rubbing against each other. [R] 

Composition of Cartilage

Cartilage is made up of cells called chondrocytes, which are embedded in a matrix of collagen fibers and proteoglycans. The collagen fibers provide the cartilage with strength and flexibility, while the proteoglycans help to give it its compressive strength and shock-absorbing properties. [R] 

The dense network of collagen, GAGs, and proteoglycans in cartilage generates a smooth cushion between the bones that prevents mechanical damage. [R]

Function of Cartilage

The main purpose of cartilage is to provide a framework on which bone deposition may begin. Another important purpose of cartilage is to cover the surfaces of joints, allowing bones to slide over one another, thus reducing friction and preventing damage; it also acts as a shock absorber. [R] 

Types of Cartilage

There are three main types of cartilage in the body: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage. Hyaline cartilage is the most common type and is found in the joints, respiratory tract, and embryonic skeleton. Elastic cartilage is found in the ears and nose, while fibrocartilage is found in the intervertebral discs and in some joints. [R]

Mechanism of Cartilage Repair

Cartilage is avascular and aneural, lacking a direct blood supply and nerves. This affects the discussion and management of diseases affecting cartilage, as chondrocytes receive nourishment via diffusion from the surrounding environment, and pain associated with cartilage pathology is usually due to irritation of surrounding tissues. The slow turnover and lack of repair of cartilage is due to this indirect nutrient supply and compressive forces acting on it. [R]

Common diseases associated with cartilage

Cartilage is involved in a variety of clinical pathologies, such as osteoarthritis, spinal disc herniation, achondroplasia, costochondritis, and neoplasms. 

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of articular cartilage in joints that causes pain and decreased range of motion. [R] Degenerative joint disease or “wear and tear” arthritis are two names for it. It usually affects the hands, hips, and knees. [R]

A joint’s cartilage begins to deteriorate and the underlying bone begins to change as a result of OA. Usually, these changes take time to develop and get worse with age. Edema, stiffness, and soreness are possible effects of OA. Some people lose the capacity to perform everyday duties or jobs because of it, which can also result in impaired function and disability. [R]

Spinal disc herniation is caused by degenerative changes of the intervertebral disc, and conservative measures such as anti-inflammatories are usually successful in treatment. [R]

Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder of cartilage formation and is the most common cause of dwarfism, and there is currently no cure. [R]

Flex Research

Flex capsule is composed of a few essential ingredients as mentioned above. Here is a list of some of the main research findings about the various components:

Glucosamine Sulfate 

What is Glucosamine Sulfate?

An endogenous aminomonosaccharide, glucosamine is produced by the body from glucose. It is most commonly found in the forms of glucosamine sulfate and glucosamine hydrochloride. It is used in the biosynthesis of proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans, which are the building blocks of cartilage. [R]

How does Glucosamine Sulfate work?

Glucosamine affects the cytokine-mediated pathways regulating inflammation, cartilage degradation, and immune responses, according to in vitro and animal studies. [R]

The interaction of glucosamine and, by extension, glucosamine sulfate, with various cell types found in the joint region, has been extensively studied in in vitro experiments. Hence, there are two potential mechanisms of action for glucosamine sulfate. The first hypothesis is that glucosamine sulfate increases type II collagen expression in chondrocytes and enhances the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans. Second, it is thought that glucosamine sulfate stops the breakdown of collagen and glycosaminoglycan by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB), reducing the formation of prostaglandin E2, and reducing the expression of catabolic enzymes such metalloproteinases (MPs). [R, R]

Sources of Glucosamine Sulfate

The majority of the time, animal sources like the shells of crab, lobster, or shrimp are used to produce glucosamine supplements. The dietary supplement that osteoarthritis patients take the most is glucosamine. [R]

Research about Glucosamine Sulfate

Despite being the subject of numerous investigations, scientists have not yet determined the mechanisms of action for glucosamine sulfate in vivo. What is evident, though, is that glucosamine sulfate exhibits substantial oral bioavailability and reduced clearance when compared to other glucosamine supplement formulations, such as glucosamine hydrochloride. [R]

The purpose of one study was to look into how glucosamine affects articular cartilage in athletes—specifically soccer players—who are subjected to a lot of motion and loading. The levels of biomarkers for type II collagen synthesis (CPII) and degradation (CTX-II) were examined in soccer players before and after receiving glucosamine, as well as between soccer players and non-athlete controls. The findings revealed that CTX-II and CPII levels were noticeably greater in soccer players compared to controls, demonstrating an enhanced cartilage metabolism in this group of athletes. However, administration of glucosamine (at doses of 1.5 and 3 g per day for three months) markedly reduced CTX-II levels, indicating that glucosamine can stop the breakdown of type II collagen. Nevertheless, glucosamine treatment had no effect on the elevated level of CPII, indicating that it has no impact on the production of type II collagen.

The ratio of type II collagen production to breakdown (CTX-II/CPII), which was much higher in soccer players than in controls, was used by the researchers to assess cartilage damage as well. Administration of glucosamine decreased the ratio, but after discontinuing treatment, it returned to pre-administration values. Overall, the results indicate that glucosamine can reduce type II collagen degradation in athletes, which can have a chondroprotective impact. However, this benefit is just temporary and vanishes after discontinuing glucosamine administration. It’s important to note that there are certain restrictions with this study, including the small sample size and the brief duration of glucosamine administration. The chondroprotective effect of glucosamine in athletes needs to be confirmed, and the best dosage and period of administration need to be explored. [R]

A 5-year-old, spayed female Bernese mountain dog named Melena had consumed about 200 nutritional joint supplement tablets. Her main complaints were vomiting and melena. Despite rigorous treatment, the patient suffered from severe kidney injury, pancreatitis, peritonitis, and coagulopathy, and was put to sleep. Cardiac necrosis, pneumonia, liver centrilobular hemorrhage and necrosis, vasculitis, and acute tubular necrosis were all found during the postmortem investigation. Anti-inflammatory medications, weight loss, glucosamine and chondroitin supplements are frequently used alone or in combination to treat degenerative joint disease in people and dogs.

Despite the prevalent belief that nutritional joint health products are always safe, overdosing for additional joint support in dogs has been linked to hepatotoxicity in the past. Furthermore, new research in human and veterinary medicine suggests that glucosamine-containing joint supplements can harm the liver. These studies imply that a new assessment of these items’ safety is necessary. The goals of this case report are to inform veterinary practitioners about the clinicopathologic and histologic abnormalities seen in cases of canine joint supplement overdose as well as to raise awareness of the hepatotoxicity linked to joint supplement overdose. [R]

Another study was a 24-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted at 9 sites in the United States to evaluate the efficacy and safety of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate (CS), alone or in combination, as well as celecoxib and placebo on painful knee osteoarthritis in 662 patients. The patients had knee osteoarthritis with radiographic criteria (Kellgren/Lawrence [K/L] grade 2 or grade 3 changes and JSW of at least 2 mm at baseline). Patients were randomized to one of the five groups: glucosamine 500 mg three times daily, CS 400 mg three times daily, the combination of glucosamine and CS, celecoxib 200 mg daily, or placebo over 24 months.

The number of patients who achieved a 20% reduction in WOMAC pain during a 24-month period served as the major outcome indicator. Secondary outcomes included reaching an OMERACT/OARSI response and change from baseline in WOMAC pain and function. The results showed that none of the treatments achieved a clinically important difference in WOMAC pain or function as compared with placebo over the 2 years. However, glucosamine and celecoxib showed beneficial trends. Adverse reactions were not meaningfully different among treatment groups, and serious adverse events were rare for all therapies. [R]

Glucosamine Safety and Side Effects

The American Academy of Family Physicians recommends that people with shellfish allergies be closely watched for any potential side effects. [R]

Large, thorough studies of persons using glucosamine for up to three years have not revealed any major negative effects. [R]

Warfarin (Coumadin), an anticoagulant (blood-thinning) medication, may interact with glucosamine. [R]

While being widely used as a supplement to treat osteoarthritis, glucosamine sulfate does not currently have an FDA-approved use. [R]

Toxicity

Research firmly backs the safety of glucosamine consumption up to 2000 mg/d. [R]

Several studies have repeatedly found glucosamine sulfate to be a relatively safe oral supplement. Following glucosamine sulfate use for more than three to two weeks however, hepatotoxicity has been described in a few isolated case studies. All of the patients listed, though, had serious prior liver illness, and one of the eight patients mentioned went on to develop hepatic failure. [R]

Boswellia Extract

What is Boswellia?

The Boswellia serrata tree or Frankincense, which has its origins in India, Africa, and the Middle East, yields the resin known as boswellia. It has been used for millennia to treat a variety of illnesses, such as inflammation, arthritis, and asthma, in traditional Ayurvedic and African medicine. [R]

Active Components of Boswellia Extract

The active ingredients in boswellia include boswellic acids, which are thought to have analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions. The main component of this tree’s resin, 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-boswellic acid (AKBA), which inhibits 5-lipoxygenase and matrix metalloproteinases and reduces tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 1, is said to have anti-inflammatory qualities. When used orally, AKBA has a low bioavailability. Alfapin and 5-Loxin, two AKBA-containing substances, exhibit high bioavailability. [R]

Boswellia supplements are promoted as all-natural treatments for joint pain, inflammation, and other inflammatory disorders. They are available in many different forms, such as tablets, capsules, and creams.

Research about Boswellia

In a multicenter open trial including 24 dogs, boswellia resin was evaluated, and 17 of the 24 dogs showed improvements in pain, lameness, and clinical symptoms. Boswellia resin has been demonstrated to improve clinical signs and pain in people in controlled studies. Five dogs experienced diarrhea and flatulence. [R]

According to a systematic review and meta-analysis published in 2021 [R], persons with knee osteoarthritis who took boswellia extract instead of a placebo experienced significantly less pain and increased physical function. A total of 870 patients from nine randomized controlled trials were included in the review. However, due to methodological restrictions in the included studies, the authors noted that the quality of the evidence was moderate to low.

Another in vitro study has shown that Boswellia serrata in combination with Curcuma longa In has suggested that both ingredients influence gene expression mediated through nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), leading to a reduction in pain by decreasing the activity of pathways associated with inflammation, matrix degradation, and apoptosis. Clinical trials have demonstrated that the combination of boswellic acids and curcuminoids can provide additive activity and synergism in the management of osteoarthritis (OA) pain, potentially reducing the need for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory or other pharmacologic agents. However, additional research is necessary to understand the effects of curcumin on the microbiome and the influence of intestinal metabolism on the activity of curcuminoids. Overall, these natural ingredients present an opportunity to improve patient care by offering alternatives for patients and physicians. [R]

Boswellia Safety and Side Effects

The occasional or rare negative effects of various experimental treatments have also been documented in several types of research.

These side effects include nausea, worsened joint pain, epigastric discomfort, allergic contact dermatitis, stomach pain, and digestive issues. While others have found side effects and severe adverse events, some studies have not. [R]

Possible diarrhea and flatulence. [R]

Toxicity

Several in vivo investigations have determined that B. serrata and Boswellia ovalifoliolata are safe and have not found any evidence of tissue damage, weight loss, or skin discomfort. For oral toxicity, the LD50 values were found to be over 5000 mg/kg body weight, and for cutaneous toxicity, they were found to be 2000 mg/kg body weight. Research revealed that the extracts have little genotoxicity. [R]

Chondroitin Sulfate (CS)

What is Chondroitin Sulfate?

A glycosaminoglycan (GAG) with a high molecular weight called chondroitin wherein the bulk of glycosaminoglycans in human cartilage are made up of this compound. [R] N-acetyl-d-galactosamine and d-glucuronic acid form a chain of alternating sugars that make up chondroitin sulfate, a sulfated GAG. [R] Chondroitin is crucial for maintaining the structural and functional integrity of joints. [R, R] The chondroitin macromolecule, which is bigger than glucosamine and has a bioavailability of only 10% to 13% and is poorly absorbed. [R]

How does Chondroitin Sulfate work?

The benefits of CS include improved joint comfort and mobility of the joint, osmotic pressure inside the extracellular matrix to maintain the compressive resistance of cartilage, hydration, slowing the course of diseases such as osteoarthritis, and gives joint comfort. [R]

Negative charges of sulfated chondroitin play regulatory roles by readily interacting with proteins in the extracellular matrix for cell adhesion. [R, R]

Sources of Chondroitin Sulfate

Commercial chondroitin sulfate is derived from bovine trachea, shark cartilage, and other animal cartilage sources. [R]

Research about Chondroitin Sulfate

Three clinical investigations of patients with knee OA provided evidence that long-term chondroitin sulfate therapy could reduce joint-space narrowing. [R] However, the ancillary follow-up to the GAIT study discovered that in individuals with moderate-to-severe knee OA, chondroitin sulfate was equivalent to placebo as a disease modulator. Meanwhile, a different experiment comparing chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate to a placebo indicated a significant decrease in joint-space narrowing. Unfortunately, neither supplement worked well on its own. [R]

After 12 months of chondroitin sulfate therapy, individuals with knee OA had their cartilage volume lost using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), according to a European pilot study. In comparison to placebo, the scientists found that chondroitin sulfate significantly decreased cartilage volume loss (-3.7% vs. 6.1%, respectively; P = 0.021). Six months following the start of therapy, joint alterations were first noticed. After 6 months into the treatment and at 12 months for BML, the CS treatment effectively decreased the volume loss of cartilage in the knees with OA. These findings point to a protective impact of CS on joint structure and offer fresh in vivo data on its method of action in knee OA. [R]

Another study [R] aimed to investigate the effectiveness of chondroitin sulfate (CS) in inhibiting cartilage loss in knee osteoarthritis (OA). The study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that recruited 300 patients with knee OA from various sources. 800 mg of CS or a placebo were given to the patients at random for a period of two years. The primary outcome measure was joint space loss over 2 years, as assessed by a posteroanterior radiograph of the knee in flexion. Secondary outcomes included pain and function. Of the 300 patients included in the study, 150 received placebo, while 150 received CS.

The results of the study showed that patients receiving placebo had progressive joint space narrowing, with a mean joint space loss of 0.14 mm after 2 years. In contrast, patients receiving CS had no change in mean joint space width. The differences in joint space loss between the two groups were significant for mean joint space width and for minimum joint space width. The study also found that CS was well-tolerated, with no significant differences in rates of adverse events between the two groups. While there was no significant symptomatic effect in this study, the results suggest that long-term treatment with CS may retard radiographic progression in patients with knee OA. However, the clinical relevance of the observed structural results needs to be further evaluated, and further studies are needed to confirm the structural effects of CS. Therefore, the effectiveness of CS in inhibiting cartilage loss in knee OA requires further investigation.

Chondroitin Sulfate Safety and Side Effects

Chondroitin may also interact with an anticoagulant, Warfarin (Coumadin). [R]

Gastrointestinal discomfort was the most frequently reported. [R]

FDA is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for Chondroitin sulfate. [R]

Toxicity

When the traditional safe upper level of intake (UL) approach cannot be employed, the observed safe level (OSL) or highest observed intake (HOI) methods might be used to assess risk. Based on these techniques, the data is convincing that chondroitin sulfate is safe up to 1200 mg/d, which is the greatest dosage studied in human clinical studies. [R]

Another study shows that chondroitin sulfate is well tolerated by rats. The patented preparation of hydrolyzed chicken sternal cartilage (BioCell Collagen II), which contains collagen type II, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronic acid, appears to be safe for oral intake based on the findings from acute and subchronic oral toxicity experiments performed on rats. In the acute study, rats were administered a single dose of 5000 mg of the test product per kg body weight and observed for 14 days. Throughout the course of the experiment, all animals lived and gained weight normally; a macroscopic necropsy examination revealed no obvious clinical abnormalities. In the subchronic study, rats were divided into four groups and administered daily doses of 0, 30, 300, or 1000 mg of the test product per kg of body weight for over 90 days. All animals survived, showed no significant changes in their body weights and histopathology, and differences observed between treated and control animals were generally not considered toxicologically significant. Based on these results, the test preparation from hydrolyzed chicken sternal cartilage collagen (BioCell Collagen II) was well tolerated at all four doses tested. [R]

Turmeric

What is Turmeric?

A member of the ginger family, turmeric or Curcuma longa is a native of Southeast Asia and is mostly farmed there for commercial purposes in India. The rhizome, or underground stem, is utilized in traditional medicine and as a spice in food. It has historically been employed in Eastern Asian medicinal systems including traditional Chinese medicine, as well as Ayurveda and other traditional Indian medical systems. It has historically been utilized in India to treat ailments of the skin, upper respiratory tract, joints, and digestive system. [R]

Currently, turmeric is marketed as a nutritional supplement for a wide range of ailments, such as depression, liver illness, allergies, respiratory infections, arthritis, digestive issues, and many others. [R]

Active components of Turmeric

Turmeric contains a significant amount of curcumin, and curcuminoids are typically responsible for turmeric’s effects (curcumin and closely related substances). Turmeric’s yellow hue is a result of curcumin. [R]

Dietary supplements prepared from dried turmeric rhizome often include a blend of curcuminoids. Moreover, turmeric paste is prepared for use on skin issues.  [R]

When taken orally, curcumin has a low bioavailability (not much of it reaches the bloodstream) and is unstable (it readily transforms into other chemicals). [R]

This polyphenol curcumin has been demonstrated to target numerous signaling molecules and also exhibit activity at the cellular level, supporting its numerous health advantages. It has been demonstrated to help in the therapy of inflammatory and degenerative eye disorders, metabolic syndrome, pain, and inflammatory conditions. It has also been demonstrated to be advantageous for the kidneys. [R]

Research about Turmeric

For the treatment of osteoarthritis in patients between the ages of 40 and 70, a study assessed the effectiveness and safety of curcuminoid complex extract from turmeric rhizome with turmeric volatile oil (CuraMed®) and its combination with boswellic acid extract from Indian frankincense root (Curamin®). The study was a three-arm, parallel-group, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial in which 201 patients were given either CuraMed®, Curamin®, or a placebo orally three times a day for 12 weeks. The study found that both CuraMed® and Curamin® were effective in reducing pain-related symptoms in patients with osteoarthritis after 12 weeks of continuous treatment.

However, the combination of Curcuma longa and Boswellia serrata extracts in Curamin® was more effective than CuraMed® alone in reducing joint pains and improving physical performance. The treatments were also well-tolerated by the patients. Overall, this study suggests that curcuminoid complex extract from turmeric rhizome and its combination with boswellic acid extract may be effective and safe options for the treatment of osteoarthritis in middle-aged and elderly patients. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings and investigate the long-term effects of these treatments. [R]

The goal of the study was to ascertain if non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) and curcumin extract supplements have therapeutic effects on pain and physical function in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA). The study included 10 randomized controlled trials that reported pain and physical function in humans with knee OA, comparing turmeric therapy with NSAIDs or no therapy. The studies showed that turmeric therapy resulted in improvement in pain and function from baseline with no significant adverse events in the turmeric therapy group. The effects of turmeric therapy were similar to those of NSAIDs, based on the small number of studies. The study suggests that turmeric may have a benefit on knee OA pain or joint pain and function compared with placebo. [R]

Another study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of curcuminoids (CURs) alone for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) by conducting a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The researchers searched several databases and included 15 studies with a total of 1670 patients. They found that CURs were more effective than placebo in improving pain and function-related outcomes, including the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total score, pain score, function score, and joint stiffness score.

Furthermore, CURs were not inferior to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in improving pain- and function-related outcomes, and they did not significantly increase the incidence of adverse events compared with either placebo or NSAIDs. The researchers cautioned that the low quality and substantial heterogeneity of the included studies warranted a cautious and conservative recommendation for the broader clinical use of CURs. Further thorough research is required to determine the effects of various dosages, optimization methods, and administration strategies on the long-term security and effectiveness of CURs in the treatment of knee OA.  [R]

Most of the studies have oral administration, while another study used turmeric as an ointment. The study aimed to investigate the effect of topical curcumin 5% ointment on knee pain in older adults with osteoarthritis. The study was a double-blind randomized placebo trial with 72 participants who were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (curcumin ointment) or the placebo group (Vaseline ointment) and applied the ointment twice daily for 6 weeks. The severity of knee pain was measured at the beginning of the study, at the end of the fourth and sixth week using a Visual Analog Scale.

The results showed that the mean pain intensity was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the placebo group at the third measurement (P = 0.02). The repeated-measures analysis showed that over time, the curcumin significantly decreased the mean pain intensity in the intervention group (P = 0.001). The mixed model showed an absolute difference of 1.133 (i.e. 11.33 mm) score which signifies a medium effect size and that the patient in the intervention group achieved the minimal clinically important difference. As a result, the study’s findings imply that applying topical curcumin 5% ointment to the knees of older persons with knee osteoarthritis can greatly reduce their pain and serve as a complementary therapy for both right and left knee pain brought on by osteoarthritis. [R]

A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the use of curcumin for osteoarthritis indicated that supplementing with curcumin helped individuals with knee osteoarthritis feel less pain and perform better. The study was published in the Journal of Medicinal Food in 2016. However, the authors noted that the quality of the studies included in the analysis was low, and larger, high-quality trials are needed to confirm the efficacy of curcumin for osteoarthritis. [R]

Turmeric Safety and Side Effects

For instance, the Allowable Daily Intake (ADI) value of curcumin is 0-3 mg/kg body weight, as reported by JECFA (The Joint United Nations and World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives) and EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) reports. [R]

Many investigations on healthy people have validated the safety and efficacy of curcumin. Despite the drug’s well-known safety, a number of negative side effects have been reported. In a dosage response trial, seven patients who received 500–12,000 mg and were monitored for 72 hours reported symptoms including diarrhea, headache, rash, and yellow stools. [R] 

In another study, some people who took 0.45 to 3.6 g of curcumin daily for one to four months reported diarrhea, nausea, and an increase in the serum levels of the enzymes lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase. [R]

Toxicity

Turmeric and curcumin are generally considered safe and have not been consistently linked to liver injury. However, recent case reports suggest that high bioavailable forms of turmeric, which increase the absorption of curcumin, have been associated with liver injury. The onset of liver injury typically occurs 1-3 months after starting the high bioavailable form of turmeric and is characterized by fatigue, nausea, poor appetite, dark urine, and jaundice. Laboratory tests show marked elevations in serum aminotransferase levels, and jaundice occurs if the agent is continued. The clinical condition and histological findings can mirror autoimmune hepatitis, despite the absence of overt hypersensitivity symptoms in many patients. Prednisone has been used to treat severe cases, but recovery is rapid once the herbal product is discontinued. Fatal instances of liver injury may occur, particularly if the product is not discontinued promptly. [R]

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is an allergen?

Allergens are unnatural, seemingly benign substances that cause an aberrant immune reaction including IgE antibodies, which may lead to clinical allergy. [R]

Do joint supplements work with joint pain?

The answer to this topic has been the subject of numerous studies. Researchers have looked into whether joint supplements are effective and whether they help ease the symptoms and joint-related effects of arthritis. Many studies show that joint supplements help lessen future wear and strain on your joints while also relieving the symptoms of arthritis, even if they cannot undo the harm already done. 

According to several studies, these supplements strengthen the worn-out parts of your joints. The breakdown of substances in the supplements has a considerable impact on these investigations. Knowing the components of the supplement you wish to use is crucial. If you are skeptical, it is imperative that you do your own research.

How do the supplements work?

Many of the ingredients in these supplements are also present in the cartilage in your joints. As a result, they work to restore your joint’s worn-out and torn-away characteristics while also reducing pain and swelling. The joint becomes stronger and less painful as a result. Knowing what your supplement contains is essential because the chemicals are what make joint supplements work so well. For instance, glucosamine sulfate helps to increase the fluid or cartilage around your joints and to stop it from deteriorating. 

Other FAQs

What is a dietary supplement?

According to the FDA, the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994 defines a dietary supplement as a product intended for ingestion that contains a dietary ingredient intended to supplement the diet, including vitamins, minerals, herbs or botanicals, amino acids, probiotics, and other dietary substances. These supplements can come in various forms such as pills, tablets, capsules, liquids, and powders, and must be labeled as such. They are considered a special category under the umbrella of “foods” unless they are labeled as drugs. [R]

What is a dietary ingredient?

A product meant for consumption that contains a “dietary ingredient” meant to augment the diet is referred to as a dietary supplement. “Dietary components” that are naturally found in food, such as amino acids, enzymes, and live microbes (commonly referred to as “probiotics”), vitamins and minerals, herbs and other botanicals, as well as concentrates, metabolites, constituents, extracts, or combinations of any dietary ingredient are all included under the term “dietary ingredient.” [R]

Does FDA authorize to approve dietary supplements before they are marketed?

The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act was revised in 1994 by the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA), which changed the FDA’s ability to regulate dietary supplements. The DSHEA prohibits the FDA from approving dietary supplements for efficacy and safety prior to their marketing. In many instances, businesses or healthcare providers can legally launch dietary supplements on the market without even informing the FDA. [R]

Where to Buy Flex Capsules for Sale?

BehemothLabz is the best place to buy Flex online offering the best prices

If you’re looking to purchase Flex capsules, It is recommended to search online for reputable sellers. Equipped with the knowledge of what to look for in a reliable supplier, you can find great deals on Flex capsules without breaking the bank.

For example, the highly recommended BehemothLabz has been in business since 2014 and offers a range of high-quality research chemicals, including Flex capsules. They offer the best product and have a great reputation for customer service.

While purchasing research chemicals can be hard and expensive, it’s important to read up on the product and supplier before making a purchase to get the best results and ensure that you’re getting the best purity product. With the right research, you can find great prices on Flex capsules with BehemothLabz.

Handling and Storage

Keep out of the reach of children and keep at room temperature in a dry place, cool environment.

Summary

BehemothLabz Products for Joint Flex Capsules is joint supplement containing a combination of ingredients that may support joint function and flexibility helping to maintain an active lifestyle. It is best to use vitamin C, which is essential for the formation of connective tissue. Some products offer potassium chloride.

Flex Capsules contain a combination of ingredients, including glucosamine sulfate, Boswellia extract, chondroitin sulfate, turmeric, quercetin, methionine, MSM, and bromelain. These capsules may work by reducing inflammation or protecting joint cartilage. The capsules also contain cellulose (vegetable capsule) and rice flour as additional ingredients.

Glucosamine Sulfate is an endogenous aminomonosaccharide that is commonly found in the forms of glucosamine sulfate and glucosamine hydrochloride. Glucosamine sulfate affects cytokine-mediated pathways regulating inflammation, cartilage degradation, and immune responses, and it has two potential mechanisms of action: enhancing the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans and inhibiting the breakdown of collagen and glycosaminoglycan. The majority of the time, animal sources like the shells of crab, lobster, or shrimp are used to make glucosamine supplements, which are commonly taken by osteoarthritis patients.

Boswellia is a resin obtained from the Boswellia serrata tree, also known as Frankincense, native to India, Africa, and the Middle East, which has been used for centuries in traditional Ayurvedic and African medicine to treat inflammation, arthritis, and asthma. The active components of Boswellia extract are boswellic acids, particularly 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-boswellic acid (AKBA), which has anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase and matrix metalloproteinases, and reducing tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 1. Boswellia supplements are available in various forms, including capsules, tablets, and lotions, and are marketed as natural remedies for joint pain and inflammation.

Chondroitin Sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) found in human cartilage, composed of a chain of alternating sugars, and is crucial for maintaining the joint’s structural and functional integrity. Its benefits include improved joint function and mobility, osmotic pressure maintenance, hydration, and relief from joint discomfort. The negative charges of sulfated chondroitin interact with the extracellular matrix for cell adhesion. Chondroitin Sulfate is poorly absorbed and has a low bioavailability of 10% to 13%. It is sourced from animal cartilage such as bovine trachea and shark cartilage.

Turmeric contains curcuminoids, which are responsible for its health effects, and curcumin is the main component of curcuminoids. Curcumin has low bioavailability and is often taken as a dietary supplement blend. It has been shown to target numerous signaling molecules and exhibit activity at the cellular level, supporting its health benefits, including the therapy of inflammatory and degenerative eye disorders, metabolic syndrome, pain, and inflammatory conditions. Turmeric paste is also used for skin issues.

Joint supplements have been the subject of numerous studies, investigating their effectiveness in relieving arthritis symptoms and reducing future wear and tear on joints. Studies suggest that these supplements can strengthen the worn-out parts of joints and reduce pain and swelling, although they may not reverse the damage already done. Many ingredients in these supplements are found in joint cartilage and work to restore its characteristics.

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Strength	90 Capsules